Thực hiện các phép tính sau: (từng bước)
c)\(\dfrac{11}{10}\) - \(\dfrac{-7}{24}\) =
e)\(\dfrac{-8}{3}\) . \(\dfrac{15}{7}\) =
f)\(\dfrac{-2}{5}\) . 4\(\dfrac{1}{2}\) =
g) \(\dfrac{5}{3}\) : \(\dfrac{5}{-3}\) =
h) \(\dfrac{5}{4}\) : (-9)
c) \(\dfrac{11}{10}-\dfrac{-7}{24}=\dfrac{11}{10}+\dfrac{7}{24}=\dfrac{167}{120}\)
e) \(\dfrac{-8}{3}\cdot\dfrac{15}{7}=\dfrac{-120}{21}=\dfrac{-40}{7}\)
f) \(\dfrac{-2}{5}\cdot4\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{-2}{5}\cdot\dfrac{9}{2}=-\dfrac{9}{5}\)
g) \(\dfrac{5}{3}:\dfrac{5}{-3}=\dfrac{5}{3}:\dfrac{-5}{3}=\dfrac{5}{3}\cdot\dfrac{-3}{5}=-1\)
h) \(\dfrac{5}{4}:\left(-9\right)=\dfrac{5}{4}:\dfrac{-9}{1}=\dfrac{5}{4}\cdot\dfrac{-1}{9}=-\dfrac{5}{36}\)
THỰC HIỆN PHÉP TÍNH
1,\(\sqrt{1\dfrac{9}{16}}\)
2,\(\dfrac{\sqrt{12,5}}{0,5}\)
3,\(\sqrt{\dfrac{25}{64}}\)
4,\(\dfrac{\sqrt{230}}{\sqrt{2,3}}\)
5,\((\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{3}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{50}{3}}-\sqrt{24}).\sqrt{6}\)
1) \(\sqrt{1\dfrac{9}{16}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{25}{16}}=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
2) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{12.5}}{0.5}=\sqrt{\dfrac{12.5}{0.25}}=5\sqrt{2}\)
3) \(\sqrt{\dfrac{25}{64}}=\dfrac{5}{8}\)
4) \(\dfrac{\sqrt{230}}{\sqrt{2.3}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{230}{2.3}}=\sqrt{100}=10\)
5) \(\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{3}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{50}{3}}-\sqrt{24}\right)\cdot\sqrt{6}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{5\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{6}\right)\cdot\sqrt{6}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{6\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{6}\right)\cdot\sqrt{6}\)
\(=0\cdot\sqrt{6}=0\)
\(\text{Thực hiện phép tính một cách hợp lí:}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{15}:\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}\) \(\left(4-\dfrac{5}{12}\right):2+\dfrac{5}{24}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{15}:\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}\)
=\(\dfrac{2}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{15}.\dfrac{5}{1}+\dfrac{3}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}\)
=\(\dfrac{2}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}\)
=\(\dfrac{2}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}.2+\dfrac{3}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}\)
=\(\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{3}{5}-2\right)\)=\(\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(-1\right)=\dfrac{-1}{3}\)
\(\left(4-\dfrac{5}{12}\right):2+\dfrac{5}{24}\)
=\(\left(4-\dfrac{5}{12}\right).\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{5}{24}\)
=\(4.\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{5}{12}.\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{5}{24}\)
=\(2-\dfrac{5}{24}+\dfrac{5}{24}=2\)
Giải:
\(\dfrac{2}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{15}:\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}.2+\dfrac{3}{5}.\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(\dfrac{2}{5}-2+\dfrac{3}{5}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(-1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{3}\)
\(\left(4-\dfrac{5}{12}\right):2+\dfrac{5}{24}\)
\(=\dfrac{43}{12}:2+\dfrac{5}{24}\)
\(=\dfrac{43}{24}+\dfrac{5}{24}\)
\(=2\)
a) Tính rồi so sánh:
\(\dfrac{1}{2}\times\dfrac{1}{3}\) 
\(\dfrac{1}{3}\times\dfrac{1}{2}\) \(\dfrac{3}{5}\times\dfrac{1}{6}\) \(\dfrac{1}{6}\times\dfrac{3}{5}\)
Nhận xét: Khi thực hiện phép nhân hai phân số, ta có thể đổi chỗ các phân số trong một tích mà tích của chúng không thay đổi.
b) Lấy ví dụ tương tự câu a rồi đố bạn thực hiện
a) $\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{3} = \frac{1}{6}$ ; $\frac{1}{3} \times \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{6}$
Vậy $\frac{1}{2} \times \frac{1}{3} = \frac{1}{3} \times \frac{1}{2}$
$\frac{3}{5} \times \frac{1}{6} = \frac{3}{{30}} = \frac{1}{{10}}$ ; $\frac{1}{6} \times \frac{3}{5} = \frac{3}{{30}} = \frac{1}{{10}}$
Vậy $\frac{3}{5} \times \frac{1}{6} = \frac{1}{6} \times \frac{3}{5}$
b) Học sinh tự thực hiện
Bài 1 : Thực hiện phép tính
a/ \(\dfrac{7}{6}\) - \(\dfrac{13}{12}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)
b/ 1 \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) . \(\dfrac{-4}{5}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{10}\)
c/ \(\dfrac{25}{9}\) . \(\dfrac{3}{10}\) + ( \(\dfrac{-5}{3}\) )\(^2\) . \(\dfrac{7}{10}\) + | \(\dfrac{-25}{3}\) |
Bài 2 : Tìm x , biết
a/ x - \(\dfrac{5}{6}\) = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)
b/ \(\dfrac{26}{x}\) = \(\dfrac{-13}{-15}\)
( Cần gấp )
thực hiện phép tính sau :
\(\left[\dfrac{\left(0,8\right)^5}{\left(0,4\right)^6}+\dfrac{2^{15}.9^4}{6^6.8^3}\right]:\dfrac{45^{10}.5^{20}}{7^{15}}\)
=\(\left[\dfrac{\left(0,4.2\right)^5}{\left(0,4\right)^6}+\dfrac{2^9.2^6.3^8}{\left(3.2\right)^6.2^9}\right]=\left[\dfrac{\left(0,4\right)^5.2^5}{\left(0,4\right)^6}+\dfrac{2^6.3^8}{3^6.2^6}\right]\)
=\(\left[\dfrac{2^5}{0,4}+3^2\right]\)
=\(\left[80+9\right]=89\)
\(\left[\dfrac{\left(2.0,4\right)^5}{0,4,0,4^5}+\dfrac{2^{15}.3^8}{3^6.2^6.2^9}\right]\div\dfrac{3^{20}.5^{30}}{3^{15}.5^{30}}\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{2^5.0.4^5}{0,4.0,4^5}+\dfrac{2^{15}.3^8}{3^6.2^{15}}\right]\div3^5\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{2^5}{0,4}+3^2\right]\div243\)
\(=80+\left(3^5\div3^2\right)\)
\(=80+3^3\)
\(=80+27\)
\(=107\)
viết 4 và \(\dfrac{5}{6}\) thành hai phân số có mẫu số là 12 ta được là :
a . \(\dfrac{24}{12}\) và \(\dfrac{12}{10}\) b. \(\dfrac{4}{12}\) và \(\dfrac{5}{12}\) c . \(\dfrac{40}{12}\) và \(\dfrac{10}{12}\) d, \(\dfrac{8}{12}\) và \(\dfrac{10}{12}\)
Trong các phân số sau, những phân số nào biểu diễn số hữu tỉ \dfrac{5}{-6} ?
\dfrac{-10}{14}\dfrac{-20}{24}\dfrac{-5}{6}\dfrac{-10}{12}\dfrac{-6}{6}
Thực hiện phép tính hợp lý (nếu có thể) :
a) (\(31\dfrac{6}{13}\) + \(5\dfrac{9}{41}\) ) - \(36\dfrac{6}{13}\)
b) \(\dfrac{5}{3}\) +( \(\dfrac{-2}{7}\) ) - (-1,2)
c) 0,25 + \(\dfrac{3}{5}\) - (\(\dfrac{1}{8}\) - \(\dfrac{2}{5}\) + \(1\dfrac{1}{4}\) )
\(a,\left(31\dfrac{6}{13}+5\dfrac{9}{41}\right)-36\dfrac{6}{13}\\ =\left(31-36\right)+\left(\dfrac{6}{13}-\dfrac{6}{13}\right)+5\dfrac{9}{41}\\ =-5+0+5\dfrac{9}{41}\\ =\left(-5+5\right)+\dfrac{9}{41}=\dfrac{9}{41}\)
\(b,\dfrac{5}{3}+\left(-\dfrac{2}{7}\right)-\left(-1,2\right)\\ =\dfrac{5}{3}-\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{6}{5}\\ =\dfrac{5.35-2.15+6.21}{105}=\dfrac{271}{105}\\ c,0,25+\dfrac{3}{5}-\left(\dfrac{1}{8}-\dfrac{2}{5}+1\dfrac{1}{4}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{5}-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{2}{5}-1\dfrac{1}{4}\\ =\left(-1\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}\right)-\dfrac{1}{8}=-1+1-\dfrac{1}{8}=-\dfrac{1}{8}\)
a) (31 6/13 + 5 9/41) - 36 6/13
= 409/13 + 214/41 - 474/13
= (409/13 - 474/13) + 214/41
= -5 + 214/41
= 9/41
b) 5/3 + (-2/7) - (-1,2)
= 5/3 - 2/7 + 6/5
= 29/21 + 6/5
= 271/105
c) 0,25 + 3/5 - (1/8 - 2/5 + 1 1/4)
= 1/4 + 3/5 - 1/8 + 2/5 - 5/4
= (1/4 - 5/4) + (3/5 + 2/5) - 1/8
= -1 + 1 - 1/8
= -1/8
Thực hiện phép tính:
a) \(\dfrac{8}{13}\) + \(\dfrac{5}{13}\)
b)\(\dfrac{2}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{-2}{5}\) + \(\dfrac{-5}{6}\) - \(\dfrac{13}{10}\)
c) -\(\dfrac{2}{7}\) - (\(\dfrac{5}{11}\) - \(\dfrac{9}{7}\)) + \(\dfrac{5}{11}\)
d) \(\dfrac{-3}{7}\) x \(\dfrac{-1}{9}\) + \(\dfrac{7}{-18}\) x \(\dfrac{-3}{7}\) + \(\dfrac{5}{6}\) x \(\dfrac{-3}{7}\)
e) \(11\dfrac{1}{4}\) - (\(2\dfrac{5}{7}\) + \(5\dfrac{1}{4}\))
f) (\(8\dfrac{5}{11}\) + \(3\dfrac{5}{8}\)) - \(3\dfrac{5}{11}\)
g) -\(\dfrac{1}{4}\) x \(13\dfrac{9}{11}\) - 0,25 x \(6\dfrac{2}{11}\)
h) \(\dfrac{4}{9}\) : (-\(\dfrac{1}{7}\)) + \(6\dfrac{5}{9}\) : (-\(\dfrac{1}{7}\))
